1
Al-Jawf — the mouth cavity
The three letters of madd (ا و ي) flow through the open mouth with no touch point.
قَالَ يَقُولُ قِيلَ
The long vowels resonate in empty space.
Intermediate
Makharij — Points of Articulation
Where each letter is born in the mouth
Every Arabic letter has a specific place (makhraj) from which it is produced. There are five main regions: the empty space of the mouth (jawf), the throat (halq), the tongue (lisan), the lips (shafatan), and the nasal passage (khayshum). Mastering makharij is the heart of Noorani Qaida.
2
Halq — the throat (3 zones)
Deepest: ء ه · Middle: ع ح · Nearest to the mouth: غ خ. Six letters in total.
أَحَدٌ عِلْمٌ غَيْبٌ
Feel where each letter is produced.
3
Lisan — the tongue (18 letters)
From back to tip: ق ك · ج ش ي · ض · ل ن ر · ت د ط · ص س ز · ث ذ ظ. This is the busiest region.
قَلَمٌ لِسَانٌ سِنٌّ
Notice how the tongue changes contact point.
4
Shafatan — the lips
ف uses the inner lower lip + upper teeth. ب م و emerge from both lips.
فَمٌ بَابٌ مَاءٌ
Feel the lips shape each sound.
5
Khayshum — the nose
The nasal passage carries the ghunnah (2-count hum) heard in noon and meem with shadda, and in the rules of ikhfa and idgham.
إِنَّ ثُمَّ
Feel the vibration through the nose.